Which of the following is an appropriate treatment for lice infestation?

• A. Permethrin
• B. Oral antibiotics
• C. Hydrocortisone cream
• D. Antifungal therapy

Answer: (A)

Treating lice focuses on directly killing the parasites on the scalp, not just addressing symptoms. Permethrin is a topically applied pediculicide that disrupts the lice’s nervous system, effectively eliminating live lice when used correctly. It’s chosen because it targets the infestation itself rather than causing broader skin or systemic effects. Other options don’t fit this goal: oral antibiotics treat bacteria, not lice; hydrocortisone cream only relieves itching and doesn’t eradicate the parasites; antifungal therapy targets fungi, not lice. In practice, you may need a second application about 7–10 days later to catch nits that hatch after the first treatment, and you should also remove nits with combing and clean clothing, bedding, and personal items to prevent re infestation.