Which distal radius fracture is defined by volar (palmar) angulation of the distal radius fragment?

• A. Colles Fracture
• B. Barton's Fracture
• C. Chauffeur's Fracture
• D. Smith Fracture

Answer: (D)

Distal radius fractures are categorized by the direction the distal fragment tilts after injury. A Smith fracture is defined by the distal radius fragment tilting toward the palm (volar or palmar angulation). This pattern occurs when the wrist is flexed at impact or struck with a clenched fist, producing a palmar displacement of the distal fragment and often accompanying carpal joint involvement. It is the opposite of the Colles fracture, which shows dorsal angulation from a fall on an outstretched hand. Hence, the fracture characterized by volar angulation of the distal fragment is the Smith fracture.